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Fatih Mosque, Trabzon
The Fatih Mosque is a mosque in the Ortahisar district in Trabzon, Turkey. It was originally built in Byzantine times as the Panagia Chrysokephalos Church ((ギリシア語:Παναγία Χρυσοκέφαλος), "Panagia the Golden-Headed"), serving as both the catholicon for the see of Trebizond, and a church for a monastery until the Ottoman conquest of the city in 1461. The Fatih Mosque also displays the most beautiful samples of the Ottoman writing arts.
== Architecture ==
Selina Ballance, who studied the building in 1958, described it as follows: "Though strongly basilical in character, it has a dome, and transepts open from floor to vault running north and south to the outer walls; the aisles, like the nave, are barrel-vaulted, with ribs, but have galleries over them, even over the eastern bays which are cut off from the rest by the transepts: and the vaults of the aisle bays on the ground floor span at right-angles to those of the nave and the galleries."〔Selina Ballance, ("The Byzantine Churches of Trebizond" ), ''Anatolian Studies'', 10 (1960), p. 146〕 She noted it was unusual in many respects, specifically in that basilicas do not commonly have galleried aisles -- as this one does -- and by having a narthex outside of the main narthex.
Ballance also notes that it is "very difficult" to date any portion of the church. She mentions a report of a plaque bearing the date 914 found (since lost) under the floor of the present building during repairs in 1877; there is also a dedication hymn that was sung at its rebuilding after the Hamigogullari set fire to the town in 1341. However, she was unable to match any of its features to either period. "On stylistic grounds a date in the 10th or perhaps 11th century seems reasonable for the basilical layout, with the dome perhaps 12th century ... but it is difficult to see how this can be reconciled with the evidence of the rededication hymn of the mid-14th century."〔Ballance, "Byzantine Churches", p. 149〕 Ballance does note a number of minor details, such as lower windows and blocked doorways, date to the Turkish period.〔Ballance, "Byzantine Churches", p. 148〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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